Wrench.



PAT'ENTED APR.18, 1905.

0. c. LONGARD.

WRENCH.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 15. 1904.

UNITED STATES Patented April 18, 1905;

PATENT OFFICE.

WRENCH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N0. 787,778, dated April18,1905.

Application filed July 15, 1904. Serial No. 216,671.

To all whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, CLARENCE C. LONGARD, a citizen of Canada, residingat Halifax, in the Province of Nova Scotia and Dominion of Canada, haveinvented new and useful Improvements in Trenches, of which the followingis a specification.

My invention pertains to wrenches, more particularly wrenches of thesliding and swingouter jaw type; and it has for its object to provide awrench embodying such construction that a large amount of thread iscontained in the ad justing-nut and the thread is disposed Where itcannot be stripped or otherwise injured incident to handling and use ofthe wrench and one in which sturdy means are provided for taking thethrust.

YVith the foregoing in mind the invention will be fully understood fromthe following description and claims when taken in connection with theaccompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in whichFigure 1 is a side elevation of the wrench constituting the present andpreferred embodiment of my invention with a portion of the handle brokenaway. Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the sliding and swinging jaw ofthe wrench removed. Fig. 3 is a detail perspective view of the cradlewhich carries the sliding and swinging jaw. Fig. L is a transversesection taken in the plane indicated by the line L 4 of Fig. 1 lookingin the direction indicated by arrow, and Fig. 5 is a similar view takenin the plane indicated by the line 5 5 of Fig. 1 looking in thedirection indicated by arrow.

Similar letters designate corresponding parts in all of the views of thedrawings, referring to which A is the handle of my novel wrench, whichhas a fixed and preferably-toothed jaw at its forward end, which jaw isconcave at its inner side, as indicated by b.

B is the sliding and swinging jaw, provided with a shank 0, which hasabutments d preferably on its exterior edge and terminates at its innerend in a saddle or bifurcated portion 0, arranged to straddle the handleA, Fig. 4.

C is the cradle for the sliding and swinging jaw, and D is the nut foradjusting and adjustably fixing the sliding and swinging jaw withrespect to the cradle.

The cradle C, Fig. 3, is preferably formed of one piece of steel orother suitable metal and comprises an outer portion f, apertured', asindicated by g, to receive the handle A, and having rounded portions 7ifitting in the con-. cavities I) of the fixed jaw a; a transverseportion 2", which forms the upper wall of the aperture g and is adaptedto bear on one edge of the handle A, and parallel rearwardly-extendingand exteriorly threaded portions 2', disposed at opposite sides of theshank c on 'jaw B. The nut -D surrounds the shank c of jaw B andsurrounds and engages the threaded portions '6 of cradle C, and it isinterposed between the abutments (Z of shank 0 and arranged at the outeror forward side of the saddle or bifurcated portion 0 thereof, as

shown. By reason of the arrangement of the nut D at the outer or forwardside of the saddle e the inner or rear abutment (Z on shank 0 is notessential, although I prefer to employ two abutments cl in order toassure free and easy turning of the nut.

In the practical 4 operation of my novel wrench it will be observed thatwhen the nut D is turned on the threaded portions'rl of the cradle Csaid nut and the jaw B will be moved longitudinally of the wrench in onedirection or the other,according to the direction in which the nut isturned. It will also be observed that in virtue of the cradle C beingpivoted at j to the handle A, as best shown in Fig. 5, the cradle andthe jaw B are free to swing on the handle after the manner common towrenches of the Stilson type. It will further be observed that thelocation of the threaded portions 2' of the cradle C is such thatliability of the thread being stripped or otherwise injured incident tohandling and using of the wrench is reduced to a minimum and that thetransverse portion 71 and the saddle e constitute strong and durablemeans for taking the thrust incident to the manipulation of the wrenchand contribute materially to the strength of the wrench as a whole. Thesadd le 0 also serves the purpose of relieving lateral strains imposedon the jaw B.

As will be readily appreciated from the foregoing, my novel wrench issusceptible of being readily adjusted to pipes and the like of variousdiameters and is calculated to take a strong and reliable hold, alsothat the wrench is simple and inexpensive in construction and embodiesno frail parts likely to be broken or to get out of order after a shortperiod of use. In this connection it will be noticed that only that partof the bifurcated portion of the cradle subjected to strain is the partoccupied and reinforced by the shank c of the jaw B.

I have entered into a detailed description of the construction andrelative arrangement of the parts embraced in the present and preferredembodiment of my invention in order to impart a full, clear, and exactunderstanding of the said embodiment. I do not desire, however, to beunderstood as confining myself to such specific construction andrelative arrangement of parts, as such changes or modifications may bemade in practice as fairly fall within the scope of my invention asclaimed.

Having described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure byLetters Patent,

1. In a wrench, the combination of a handle, ajaw carried thereby,acradle mounted to rock on the handle and having exteriorly-threadedportions, a jaw having a shank disposed between the exteriorly-threadedportions of the cradle and provided with abutments, and a nut interposedbetween the said abutments of the shank and surrounding and engaging thethreaded portions of the cradle.

2. In a wrench, the combination of a handle provided with a jaw, acradle fulcrumed on the handle and having a transverse portion arrangedto bring up against the handle, and also having exteriorly-threadedportions,a jaw having a shank disposed between the exteriorlythreadedportions of the cradle and provided with an abutment and a saddle, thelatter being arranged tewstraddle the handle, and anut interposed betw een the saddle and the other abutment of the shank and surrounding andengaging the threaded portions of the cradle.

3. In a wrench, the combination of a handle, a jaw carried by the handleand having concavities at its inner side, a cradle having an aperturedportion receiving the handle and pivotal] y connected thereto andprovided with rounded portions complementary to the concavities of thejaw, and also having a transverse portion arranged to bring up againstthe handle, and rearwardly-extending,exteriorlythreaded portions, a jawhaving a shank dis posed between the threaded portions of the cradle,and having an abutment and a saddle, the latter being arranged tostraddle the handle, and a nut interposed between the saddle and theother abutment of the shank and surrounding and engaging the threadedportions of the cradle.

4. In a wrench, the combination of a handle, a jaw carried by thehandle, a cradle mounted to rock on the handle and havingexteriorlythreaded portions, a jaw having a shank disposed between theexteriorly-threaded portions of the cradle and provided with abutments,and also provided on its rear portion with a saddle arranged to bring upagainst the handle, and a nut interposed between the abutments of theshank and surrounding and engaging the threaded portions of the cradle.

5. In a wrench, the combination of a handle, a jaw carried thereby, acradle mounted to rock on the handle and having exteriorlythreadedportions, a jaw having a shank disposed between the eXteriorly-threadedportions of the cradle, and an interiorly-threaded nut carried by andmovable with the shank, and surrounding and engaging the threadedportions of the cradle.

6. In a wrench, the combination of ahandle, a jaw on the outer endthereof, a rocking cradle carried by the handle and provided with athread, a jaw having a shank guided by the cradle and provided on itsinner portion with a saddle arranged to straddle the handle, and a nutcarried by and movable with the shank and engaging the threaded cradle.

7. In a wrench, the combination of ahandle, a jaw on the outer endthereof, arocking cradle carried by the handle and provided with athread, a jaw having a shank guided by the cradle and provided on itsinner portion with a saddle arranged to straddle the handle, and meanson'the cradle for adjusting and adjustably fixing the jaw and its shankwith respect thereto.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

CLARENCE O. LONGARD.

Witnesses:

JOHN B. LYONS, GEORGE HILL.

